Music for Third Sunday after Pentecost
Today’s prelude is split into two halves, one instrumental and one vocal. The organ trio is a setting taken from Bach’s Leipzig chorale preludes, and is one of the more capricious of the collection, set to a chorale whose first line translate “Lord Jesus Christ, turn thy face unto us.” Bach depicts this text with figurations in the hands that “turn” around a starting note, winding first downwards, then upwards, and then back to centre. The plea to hear our prayers is answered by the words of Jesus set in Cantata 84 (one of my all-time favourites), a passage from John where he promises that God will provide for those who ask in his name. A subject given out generously by the oboes and violins is mirrored in every voice (baritone, viola, even basso continuo), developing to a conclusion that is as inevitable and self-fulfilling as the message of the text.
In Bach’s time, motets in the “old” (i.e. contrapuntal) style were still being sung weekly at Leipzig’s churches, notably the Nikolaikirche. The epithet Motette would have described either a vocal work or at most one with minimal organ doubling of each parts. Bach departed from this model in his own compositions titled “motet:” Some can be performed with only voices (Jesu, meine Freude BWV 227 or Komm Jesu, Komm BWV 229), yet others are so ornamental and fiendishly intricate that performers (myself included) argue they can only be accomplished with instrumental doubling.
Today’s communion motet Herr Jesu Christ, mein Lebens Licht BWV 118 is an outlier. Unlike the other motets, it is one movement, a setting of the chorale melody as one may find in a cantata chorus, surrounded by beautiful instrumental ritornelli. The work was performed at the graveside ceremony for a Leipzig official, an outdoor setting that demanded it be playable by the city’s municipal trumpeters. A mysterious indication for the top two lines to be played by litui [sic?] has long invited conjecture, some scholars saying it must refer to a traditional horn-trumpet hybrid. Despite innovations to the form, Bach’s scoring for a choir of sackbuts and cornetti places us decidedly in the atmosphere of the “traditional motet” as he would have appraised it.
Abraham Ross
Solemn Mass takes place at St. James’ Anglican Church, Vancouver at 10:30 am every Sunday.
Bach – Motet O Jesu Christ, meins Lebens Licht BWV 118 | Netherlands Bach Society – YouTube
